Turbine system.



1. F. M. PATlTZ IURBINE SYSTEM.

APPLICAHON FILED APR-14' 1916.

1 '234,687 Patented July 24, 1917.

INVENTIIlR-l ATTEI NEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHANN F. M. IPATITZ, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 ALLIS-CI-IALMERS MANUFACTURING- COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TURBINE SYSTEM.

Application filed April 14, 1916.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that JOHANN F. M. PATITZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, has invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Turbine Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction and operation of turbine systems and is especially applicable to compound turbines in which a low pressure stage is operated primarily by mixed pressure fluid.

An object of the invention is to provide a turbine system which is simple in construction and efficient in operation. Another object is to provide a mixed pressure turbine system in which a low pressure stage valve is utilized either in place of or in addition to the ordinary low pressure connection valve. Another object is to provide a system embodying both low pressure stage and connection valves, in which closing of either of the valves opens the other and prevents closing thereof. A further object is to provide a low pressure stage valve which is controllable by means of a speed governor, a pressure responsive device, and manually. Another object is to provide details of regulating structure which will permit operation of the turbine system at maximum efficiency and economy.

The various controlling valves disclosed in the present system may be defined with reference to their functions, as follows A high pressure inlet valve is one which controls the admission of high pressure fluid from a high pressure source to a high pressure turbine stage.

A low pressure connection valve is one which controls either the admission or extraction of low pressure fluid to or from a low pressure region between stages.

A low pressure stage valve is one which controls the admission of fluid directly to the low pressure stage from a region between stages.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention may be had by referring to the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 1917. Serial No. 91,841.

drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which the various elements are referred to by suitable reference characters.

The single figure of the drawing is a diagrammatic view of a turbine system embodying the invention.

The turbine system disclosed comprises essentially a high pressure stage l4, a low pressure stage 15, and a condenser 57. The rotors of the high and low pressure stages 14, 15, are disclosed as being mounted upon a common shaft 16 and may be housed either in a common or in separate casings, as desired. The high pressure inlet 17 communicates with the inlet end of the high pressure stage 14 through asuitable high pressure inlet valve 24. The exhaust of the high pressure stage 14 is in open communication with a chamber 18 which communicates with the low pressure inlet chamber through a low pressure region or conduit 19 and a low pressure stage valve 23. The exhaust of the low pressure stage 15 communicates with the condenser 57 through the low pressure exhaust pipe 20. A low pressure connection 21 communicates with the conduit 19 through a suitable low pressure connection valve 22.

The high pressure inlet valve 24 is controllable solely by means of a speed responsive device or governor 1, having a governor collar 2. The floating lever 3 has one end associated with the governor collar 2 and has its opposite end pivoted to the upper extremity of the high pressure inlet valve stem 7 The stem 7 is provided with a servo-motor piston 30, which is reeiprocable within the cylinder 39 to control the position of the high pressure valve 24. The upper extremity of the controlling valve stem 5 is adjustably secured to an intermediate por tion of the floating lever 3 by means of an adjusting device 54. The lower portion of the stem 5 carries a pair of regulating valve pistons 31,32, which are reciprocable within a casing 36 and adapted to control the flow of fluid under pressure to and from the upper and lower chambers of the cylinder 39 through the conduits 38, 37, respectively.

Fluid under pressure for actuating the high pressure servo-motor is admitted to the casing 36 through a pressure inlet pipe 33 and is exhausted through the pipes 34, 35.

The low pressure stage valve 23 is operable by means of a servo-motor comprising a piston 40 secured to the valve stem 9 and rebiprocable within the cylinder 49. The upper extremity of the stem 9 is pivoted toan intermediate portion of the floating lever 11, one end of whichis pivoted to the controlling valve stem 10 and the opposite end of which is pivoted to an intermediate portion of the connection 8. spring normally tends to pull the right hand end of the lever 11 downwardly. The controlling valve stem 10 carries a pair of pistons 41, 42, which control the flow of operating fluid to and from the upper and lower chambers of the servo-motor cylinder 49 through the conduits 48, 47, respectively. The pistons 41, 42, are reciprocable within the regulating valve casing 46 to which fluid under pressure is admitted through a pressure inlet pipe 43 and from which fluid is exhausted through the pipes 44, 45.

The connection 8 is provided with elongated slots 51, 52, at its lower and upper ends respectively, which are engageable with pins carried by the levers 12, 6, respectively. The lever 12 has a stationary intermediate fulcrum 53 and has its end remote from the connection 8, pivoted to the stem 13 of the low pressure connection valve 22. The low pressure connection valve is normally operable directly by means of a hand wheel 55 rotatable in a stationary bearing 56. The floating lever 6, which is associated at a point thereof intermediate its ends with the upper slotted end 52 of the connection 8, has one end pivotally connected to the piston rod 68 of a pressure responsive device, and has its opposite end connected to an end of the floating lever 4 by means of a link 67 The floating lever 4 has a stationary fulcrum 64 at an intermediate point thereof, and has its end remote from the link 67 associated with the governor collar 2. The pressure responsive device for effecting operation of the valve 23, comprises essentially a casing 26 within which a piston 27 carried by the rod 68, is reciprocable, and relatively to which this, piston may be locked or fixed by means of a locking set screw 29. The piston 27 is movable upwardly by variations in pres sure in the conduit 19 acting through the pipe 25, and is downwardly movable by means of a helical compression spring 28.

During normal operation of the turbine system, and assuming the quantity of low pressure steam admitted through the connection 21 to be suflicient to carry the entire load, the valves 22, 23, and 24 will be A helical tension positioned as indicated in the drawing and low pressure steam will be admitted through the valves 22, 23,- to the low pressure stage 15, from which the spent steam is exhausted to the condenser 57 through the exhaust pipe 20. If the quantity of low pressure steam thus admitted is insufiicient to carry the entire load on the shaft .16, the speed will decrease and the governor collar 2 will move downwardly causing the high pressure regulating valve pistons 31, 32, to move downwardly and to admit fluid under pressure to the lower chamber of the servo-motor cylinder 39, and permitting the piston 30 to exhaust fluid from the upper chamber of the cylinder 39. This admission of fluid under pressure to the high pressure servo motor causes the high pressure valve 24 to move upwardly and to eventually admit high pressure steam from the inlet 17 to the high pressure stage 14. Downward movement of the right hand end of the floating lever 4 due to a drop in speed of the turbine, will cause the low pressure stage valve 23 to open to a greater extent. The construction and arrangement of the connections between the speed governor 1 and the valves 23, 24, and the extent of lap on the valve 24, should be such that the high pressure inlet valve 24 will open only after the low pressure stage valve 23 has been fully opened. The low pressure connection valve 22 should always be fully opened when operating the turbine mixed pressure.

If: the speed of the turbine increases due to a decrease in load, the governor collar 2 moves upwardly and causes the high pressure inlet valve 24 to move downwardly and to reduce the amount of high pressure steam admitted. The low pressure stage valve 23 will not, however, be affected for slight increases in speed, relative motion of the levers 4, 6, and of the connection 8 being permitted by the slotted end 52. If, however, the increase in speed becomes excessive, the floating lever 6 is moved in an anticlock wise direction about the end of the piston rod 68 as a pivot to such an extent that the pin within the slotted end 52 of the connection 8 comes into engagement with the lower end of the slot and acts upon the stage valve servo-motor so as to close the valve 23.

Under normal conditions of operation the low pressure stage valve 23' is operable primarily by the pressure responsive device which is actuated by variations in pressure in the conduit 19 acting upon the piston 27. The speed governor 1 becomes eflective only when the speed rise is excessive and the high pressure inlet valve 24 has been entirely closed, or when the piston I 27 has been locked in such position by -means of the set screw 29 that the pin on the lever 6 engages the bottom of the slot at the end 52. The low pressure stage valve the low pressure connection valve 22. If-

the low pressure connection valve 22 is closed, the left hand end of the lever 12 engages the upper extremity of the slot in the end 51 and positions the regulating valve of the low pressure servo-motor in such a Way that the low pressure stage valve 23 cannot close. If the low pressure connection valve 22 is positioned at a higher point than that disclosed, the end of the lever 12 engages the lower extremity of the slot in the end 51 and becomes effective to position the regulating valve in such a manner that the low pressure stage valve 23 'will close and be maintained in closed position.

It will thus be noted that the low pressure connection valve 22 when fully closed will maintain the low pressure stage valve 23 Wide open, thereby permitting operation of the system upon high pressure steam only. The low pressure connection valve 22 when fully opened will close the low pressure stage Valve 23 and will prevent opening of the same, thereby permitting op eration of the system as a bleeder system in which all of the steam discharged from the high pressure stage 1 is extracted. It may be pointed out that low pressure stage valves such asthe valve 23 have heretofore been employed in bleeder systems, but such valves so far as known, have never heretofore been used in connection with mixed pressure turbines utilizing also the ordinary type of low pressure connection valve.

It should be understood that it is not desired to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications Within the scope of the appended claims will occur to a person skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a mixed pressure turbine, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage communicating therewith, a condenser communicating with said low pressure stage, means for admitting low pressure fluid to said low pressure stage, and a low pressure stage valve between said low pressure admission means and said low pressure stage.

2. In" a mixed pressure turbine, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage, a condenser communicating with said low pressure stage, a low pressure region communicating with said high pressure stage and with a low pressure source of fluid supply, and a low pressure stage valve for controlling the flow of fluid from said region to said low pressure stage.

3. In combination, a. high, pressure stage,

a low pressure stage, a conduit connecting the exhaust of said high pressure stage with the inlet of said low pressure stage, a second conduit communicating with said connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, a valve in said second conduit, and means associated with said conduit valve for maintaining said stage valve open when said conduit valve is closed.

4. In combination, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage, a conduit connecting the exhaust of said high pressure stage with the inlet of said low pressure stage, a second conduit communicating with said connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, a valve in said second conduit, and means for maintaining said stage valve closed when said conduit valve is open.

5. In combination, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage, a conduit connecting the exhaust of said high pressure stage with the inlet of said low pressure stage, a second conduit communicating with said connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, a valve in said second conduit, and means for maintaining said stage valve open when said conduit valve is closed and vice versa.

6. In combination, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage, a conduit connecting the exhaust of said high pressure stage with the inlet of said low pressure stage, a second conduit communicating with said 'connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, a valve in said second conduit, and means operable by said conduit valve operating mechanism for maintaining said stage valve closed at all times.

7. In combination, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage, a conduit connecting the exhaust of said high pressure stage with the inlet of said low pressure stage, a second conduit communicating with said connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve for said low pressure stage, a valve in said second conduit, and means operable by said condult valve operating mechanism for maintaining said stage valve either open or closed.

8. In combination, a high pressure stage, a low presure stage, a conduit connecting the exhaust of said high pressure stage with the inlet of said low pressure stage, a second conduit communicatlng with sald connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, and eomblned fluid pressure, speed governor and manually controlled means for efi'ect'mg operation of said valve.

9. In combination, a high pressure stage, a low pressure stage, a conduit connecting sa d stages, a second conduit communicating with sald connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, means responsive to variations in pre-low-pressure-stage pressure for eflecting operation of said valve, a speed governor for effecting operation of said valve, and a manually operable device for efiecting operation of said valve.

10. In combination, a high pressure stage, a' low pressure stage, a conduit connecting said stages, a second conduit communicating with said connecting conduit, a low pressure stage valve, means responsive to variations in pre-low-pressure-stage pressure for e'fiecting operation of said valve, a speed governor for effecting operation of said valve, and a manually operable device for effecting operation of said valve, said devices being operable independently of each other.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto.

JOHANN F. M. PATITZ. 

